HPA National Influenza Report
Report published 9 December 2010
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL Data
http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/InfectiousDiseases/InfectionsAZ/SeasonalInfluenza/EpidemiologicalData/
HPA National Influenza Report
Report published 9 December 2010
http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/InfectiousDiseases/InfectionsAZ/SeasonalInfluenza/EpidemiologicalData/02influsweeklyreport/
2010年12月14日火曜日19:51(JST: 03:51) 晴れ/曇り 最低気温;08ºC 最高気温:12ºC BARCELONA県から
イギリスの2010年第48週11月29日ー12月05日の風邪インフルエンザ感染状況
イギリスの2010年第48週11/29ー12/05の風邪や、風邪気味症状による診察率は、ENGLANDでは、13'3件
/人口10万0000人(100'000)で、WALESでは、10'5件で、SCOTLANDでは、28'8けん で、NORTHERN IRELAND では、21'0件です。
48週11/29ー12/05には、9件の呼吸期症状の集団発生が起こって、8件は 学校からで、1件は軍事基地からです。
2010年12月15日水曜日16:24(JST; 00:24) 晴れ 最低気温;03ー05ºC 最高気温;10ºC BARCELONA県から
イギリスのENGLAND地方の、2010年第48週11月29日ー12月05日の、風邪気味症状による医者への診察率は、先週の11'8件/人口10万0000人(100'000)から、13'3件に増えた。ENGLAND地方北部では、10'4件/100'000人から、8'1件にちょっと減って,ENGLAND地方南部では、12'3件から 11'4件に少し減って、ENGLAND地方中部では、11'7件から 20'1件に増えた。年齢層別による風邪気味症状の診察率は、すこし差があって、一番高いのは、5歳ー14歳で、18'1件です。NORTHERN IRELAND地方の風邪症状や風邪気味症状による医師への診察率は、先週の21'1件/100'000人から、18'9件に減って、風流行発生最低値の70件より低い。北アイルランド地方では、第46週11/15ー11/21には、診察率が最も高いのは、65歳ー74歳の28'8件と、45歳ー64歳の27'5件です。
SCOTLAND地方の風邪気味による診察率は、先週の44'7件から、28'8件に減少して、風邪流行発生最低値の50件より低い。48週11/29ー12/05では、診察率が最も高いのは、1歳以下の年齢層で、287'9件から 383'8件に増加した。
WALES 地方の 風邪気味症状の診察率は、6'8件から 10'5件に増えて、風邪流行発生最低値の25件以下です。年齢層別では、診察率が最も高いのは、15歳ー44歳で、14'3件で、次に、5歳ー14歳の10'1件です。
ENGLAND 地方と WALES 地方の急性気管支炎の48週11/29ー12/05の診察率は、先週の47週11/22ー11/28の113'4件から 増えて、127'6件になった。年齢層別で最も高いのは、1歳以下の590'4件から 647'1件に増えたのと、1歳ー4歳の358'3件から 371'0件に増えてたのです。
肺炎の診察率は、47週11/22ー11/28の1'7件/100'000人から、48週11/29ー12/05の1'8件にちょっと増えた。
ENGLISH DATA MART SYSTEM に、48週11/29ー12/05に、報告された呼吸器症状の患者の903件の試料のうち16'7%の151件が風邪インフルエンザ陽性反応した。そのうち、102件は 新型インフルエンザで、5件は 風邪A型未分類で、4件は 風邪B型です。RESPRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS(RSV)の検出率は高く、48週では 24%です。RHINOVIRUSの検出率は、48週には、18'4%から 14'3%に減少した。
48週には、ENGLAND地方の2個所の見張り番一般医(町医者)から提出された86件の患者の試料の検査結果では、33'7%の29件が風邪インフルエンザ陽性反応した。そのうち、1件は 風邪A(H3N2)で、18件が新型インフルエンザで、10件が風邪B型です。48週に、SCOTLAND地方では、提出された16件の試料のうち、5件が風邪インフルエンザ陽性反応した。
47週11/22ー11/28には、THE OFFICE FOR NATIONAL SATISTICSの報告によると、9473件の全原因死亡者が登録されて、46週11/15ー11/21の9743件から、ちょっと減った。
この2週間に、数人の風邪インフルエンザ感染重症患者が報告されて、集中治療室や、強制酸素吸入機?( EXTRAーCORPORAL MEMRANE OXYGENATION )の使用が増えた。これらの大部分の患者は、65歳以下です。
イギリスでは、36週09/06ー09/12以来、10人の風邪感染死亡患者が報告されている。情報のある5人の患者は、だれも、今年の2010/11年や新型インフルエンザの予防注射を受けていなかった。
48週11/29ー12/05までに、ENGLAND地方で、65歳以上の人びとで今年の2010/11年の風邪インフルエンザ予防注射を受けた割合は、66'1%です。いっぽう、65歳以下で、風邪感染重傷化危険対象者で風邪予防注射を受けた人は、40'2%です。
The HPA Respiratory Virus Unit has isolated and characterised 21 influenza B, and 24 influenza A H1N1 (2009), viruses from community and hospital samples since week 40. All influenza B viruses characterised belong to the B-Victoria lineage, similar to the current vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 and all the H1N1 (2009) viruses are similar to the A/California/07/2009 vaccine strain.
Of 74 influenza H1N1 (2009) viruses tested for antiviral susceptibility since week 40 2010, one has been found to carry the H275Y mutation which confers resistance to the antiviral drug oseltamivir. Four further H1N1 (2009) viruses, two influenza A H3 viruses and five influenza B viruses have been fully tested for susceptibility and found to be sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir.
In the 12 weeks up to 28 November 2010, over 80% of all isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae reported as tested, were susceptible to the antibiotics tetracycline and co-amoxiclav (table 2). There have been no significant changes in susceptibility in recent years.
International Situation
WHO influenza update 3 December 2010Worldwide, influenza activity remained low, except in areas of South Asia and central and western Africa, which have seen recent surges in influenza H1N1 (2009) virus detections. Most countries in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere continued to report low levels of ILI and influenza virus detections as the northern hemisphere winter approaches. Except for a few countries in Southeast Asia, most countries in the tropics of the Americas and Asia have recently reported low levels of influenza activity. Globally, there continued to be co-circulation of influenza H1N1 (2009), A(H3N2), B viruses, with the latter two being predominant.
Countries in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere: In North America, overall influenza activity and levels of ILI remained below baseline. Notably, however, in the South Eastern and South Western part of the United States, influenza activity has steadily increased over the month of November 2010 with Influenza B being the predominantly detected virus. Most countries of the European region continued to report low overall levels of ILI and low to sporadic levels of influenza virus detections. In East Asia, overall influenza activity remained low across China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. In northern China, the number of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza (primarily influenza A(H3N2)) increased between late October and mid-November 2010, however, this was associated with only a small rise the levels of ILI. Mongolia also reported a rise in detection rate of influenza A(H3N2) viruses during mid to late November 2010 which was associated with an increase in the rate of ILI above the seasonal threshold, suggesting that local winter influenza season has begun.
Countries in the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere: Overall, little influenza activity is being reported as the summer months approach in countries of the temperate Southern Hemisphere. Late season and regionally variable epidemics of influenza A(H3N2) virus in Chile and Argentina now appear to have largely subsided. In South Africa, influenza activity has also largely subsided after a period of low level springtime circulation of influenza B and H1N1 (2009) viruses detected in the sentinel ILI surveillance system during November 2010.
Countries in the tropical zone: In South Asia, only Sri Lanka reported a recent surge of influenza H1N1 (2009) virus detections during mid-October through late November 2010 while recent influenza activity observed in India and Bangladesh has now largely subsided. In Southeast Asia, several countries continued to report low to moderate levels of influenza A(H3N2) virus detections. In Sub-Saharan Africa, overall influenza activity remained low in most countries, except in Cameroon and Ethiopia, which as of early to mid-November 2010, reported a recent surge in the numbers of specimens testing positive for H1N1 (2009) virus. The extent to which these increased detections of influenza virus have been associated with increased ILI in the community is not yet known. Across the rest of the region, low to moderate levels of influenza A(H3N2) virus circulation continued to be detected in Kenya and Ghana, respectively. In the tropical zone of the Americas, overall influenza activity remained low to sporadic in most areas. In Costa Rica, influenza A(H3N2) and B viruses continued to co-circulate at low levels during November 2010. In Columbia, small numbers of influenza H1N1 (2009) viruses were detected during November 2010. Bolivia observed sustained active circulation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses since mid-September 2010 while in Cuba, there has been fluctuating low to moderate level circulation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses since early August 2010. In southern Mexico, influenza activity has largely subsided after a period of active influenza A(H3N2) circulation spanning August to mid-November 2010.
Avian Influenza: Since 2003 a total of 508 human cases of H5N1 avian influenza have been reported to WHO from 15 countries. Of this 508, 302 (59%) have reportedly died (20 of 40, 50% in 2010). For further information, see the WHO website.
0 件のコメント:
コメントを投稿